Christmas shoppers have been advised not to buy e-scooters as gifts, as police urge caution around the popular devices.

After a recent surge in popularity, Thames Valley Police has released guidance for potential buyers on the law and dangers surrounding electronic scooters.

Any use of a privately owned e-scooter in public risks it being seized by police, as the required insurance is not currently available for users.

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Matthew Barber, Thames Valley police and crime commissioner, said: "Whilst for many, e-scooters are a convenient way to get around, it is nevertheless illegal to use a privately owned e-scooters anywhere on public land.

"Aside from the risk of injuring and concerns about the fire risks from some batteries, you risk having your e-scooter seized by the police.

"So, my message this Christmas is simple: don't by an e-scooter as a present."

E-scooters can be used either by privately owning one or by renting one through an authorised rental scheme.

Riders using the scooters in an anti-social manner can have their device seized by police under section 59 for the Police Reform Act.

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As the devices are classed as motor vehicles under the Road Traffic Act 1988 the same rules that apply to cars, including the requirement of a licence and insurance, apply to privately owned e-scooters.

They can only be ridden on private land, like in a garden, with the landowner’s permission.

E-scooters made available under a rental scheme can be used on public roads, some cycle lanes and in other public spaces, but riders must follow road traffic laws, hold the correct driving licence and meet the minimum age limit.

Fixed penalty notices may be issued to riders caught breaking the rules.

For example, an e-scooter rider without insurance could face a £300 fine and six penalty points on their licence.

Not holding the correct licence could result in a £100 fine and six penalty points.

Offences involving e-scooters also include riding on the pavement, using a mobile phone or other device while scooting, riding through red lights, and drink driving.

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Inspector Mike Darrah said “Many people may not understand the laws surrounding privately owned e-scooters, which prohibit you from using them in public areas.

“There is also a risk of severe injury, and incidents which involve a collision with an e-scooter are investigated in the same way as if riding or driving any other type of motor vehicle.

“We are already working in partnership with schools and colleges to ensure students are aware of the laws surrounding e-scooters, and I am urging parents to consider the risks if they are looking at gifting an e-scooter.”